The present study aimed to examine the scapular resting position and shoulder range of motion (ROM) in flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation, as well as the relationships among these variables in athletic and non-athletic individuals with spinal cord injury. The target population consisted of wheelchair-bound athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI) active in sports clubs in Mashhad, Iran, as well as non-athletic individuals with SCI. Using a purposive sampling method, 45 men with SCI were recruited and categorized into three groups: wheelchair basketball players (n=15), wheelchair table tennis players (n=15), and non-athlete group (n=15). To evaluate resting scapular position, participants were positioned in an upright seated position and instructed to protract and retract their shoulders several times before seating into a fully relaxed posture. Shoulder ROM for flexion, abduction, medial (internal) rotation, and external rotation was measured and recorded using a standard universal goniometer. The study concludes that wheelchair athletes present distinct resting scapular kinematic profiles (specifically regarding protraction and rotation) compared to non-athletes, which correlates significantly with their shoulder range of motion. Differences also exist between the dominant and non-dominant limbs in both scapular resting position and shoulder ROM, highlighting potential asymmetries induced by sport-specific demands.