Journal of Advances in Para-Sport Science
A peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal dedicated to the advancement of sports sciences for individuals with diverse abilities

Effect of mental imagery and motor representation strategies on acquisition and retention of shooting skills: a RCT trial

Authors

Amin Amini 1
Sadeq Porali fatide 2
Maryam Salehi 3
Sahar Avazpour 4
Abdolkarin ghabelnezam 2

1 Assistant Professor, Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran

2 Instructor of Sports Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran

3 PhD student, Motor Behavior, Faculty Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

4 Faculty of Educational Sciences, Department of Sports Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.52547/hases.2.2.1
Abstract
Shooters typically make great efforts to strengthen their physical and motor abilities, but are often less aware of the cognitive and psychological factors that affect their performance and skill performance. Therefore, it seems that shooters, especially novice shooters, are not very familiar with the mental skills related to shooting and pay less attention to mental training. However, cognitive training has recently been recognized as one of the basic skills required in perceptual-motor activities. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of training cognitive imaging strategies versus training of motor representation strategies on the acquisition and retention of shooting skills. This randomized controlled clinical trial study was performed on 45 undergraduate military science students with an age limit of 18 to 25 years, studying in the second semester of 1997-98. Subjects were randomly selected from a university of military sciences in Tehran and randomly divided into three groups of mental imagery, motor representation and control using a table of random numbers. The intervention groups received a three-week mental imagery training program, motor representation along with shooting training (five sessions per week). The control group only participated in shooting training. In order to evaluate the performance of shooters in the pre-test, post-test and memorization stages, a SCAT machine was used. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS20 software and p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. The results of combined analysis of variance showed that both cognitive imaging and motor representation interventions had a significant effect on improving the record of novice military shooters (P≤0.05). The results showed that although there was no significant difference between motor representation and cognitive imaging groups in the post-test stage, however, a significant difference was observed between the motor representation and cognitive imaging groups (P = 0.006) in the retention stage. The results show that cognitive imagery and motor representation interventions can improve the performance of novice military shooters, although motor representation is more likely to be effective than cognitive imagery

Keywords

: Cognitive Practice
motion control
Motor Behavior
shooting
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